<chapter id="administration">
- <!-- $Id: administration.xml,v 1.11 2002-10-20 14:02:02 mike Exp $ -->
+ <!-- $Id: administration.xml,v 1.28 2006-04-24 12:53:02 marc Exp $ -->
<title>Administrating Zebra</title>
<!-- ### It's a bit daft that this chapter (which describes half of
the configuration-file formats) is separated from
- "recordmodel.xml" (which describes the other half) by the
+ "recordmodel-grs.xml" (which describes the other half) by the
instructions on running zebraidx and zebrasrv. Some careful
re-ordering is required here.
-->
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
- <term>profilePath: <literal>path</literal></term>
+ <term>profilePath: <replaceable>path</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
Specifies a path of profile specification files.
Specifies <replaceable>size</replaceable> of internal memory
to use for the zebraidx program.
The amount is given in megabytes - default is 4 (4 MB).
+ The more memory, the faster large updates happen, up to about
+ half the free memory available on the computer.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>tempfiles: <replaceable>Yes/Auto/No</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Tells zebra if it should use temporary files when indexing. The
+ default is Auto, in which case zebra uses temporary files only
+ if it would need more that <replaceable>memMax</replaceable>
+ megabytes of memory. This should be good for most uses.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<para>
Specifies a directory base for Zebra. All relative paths
given (in profilePath, register, shadow) are based on this
- directory. This setting is useful if if you Zebra server
+ directory. This setting is useful if your Zebra server
is running in a different directory from where
<literal>zebra.cfg</literal> is located.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>passwd: <replaceable>file</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Specifies a file with description of user accounts for Zebra.
+ The format is similar to that known to Apache's htpasswd files
+ and UNIX' passwd files. Non-empty lines not beginning with
+ # are considered account lines. There is one account per-line.
+ A line consists of fields separate by a single colon character.
+ First field is username, second is password.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>passwd.c: <replaceable>file</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Specifies a file with description of user accounts for Zebra.
+ File format is similar to that used by the passwd directive except
+ that the password are encrypted. Use Apache's htpasswd or similar
+ for maintenanace.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>perm.<replaceable>user</replaceable>:
+ <replaceable>permstring</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Specifies permissions (priviledge) for a user that are allowed
+ to access Zebra via the passwd system. There are two kinds
+ of permissions currently: read (r) and write(w). By default
+ users not listed in a permission directive are given the read
+ priviledge. To specify permissions for a user with no
+ username, or Z39.50 anonymous style use
+ <literal>anonymous</literal>. The permstring consists of
+ a sequence of characters. Include character <literal>w</literal>
+ for write/update access, <literal>r</literal> for read access.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term>dbaccess <replaceable>accessfile</replaceable></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Names a file which lists database subscriptions for individual users.
+ The access file should consists of lines of the form <literal>username:
+ dbnames</literal>, where dbnames is a list of database names, seprated by
+ '+'. No whitespace is allowed in the database list.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
</variablelist>
</para>
<para>
<screen>
- profilePath: /usr/local/yaz
+ profilePath: /usr/local/idzebra/tab
attset: bib1.att
simple.recordType: text
simple.database: textbase
</para>
<para>
- (see <xref linkend="data-model"/>
+ (see <xref linkend="record-model-grs"/>
for details of how the mapping between elements of your records and
searchable attributes is established).
</para>
<screen>
register: /d1:500M
-
shadow: /scratch1:100M /scratch2:200M
</screen>
</sect2>
</sect1>
+
+
+ <sect1 id="administration-ranking">
+ <title>Static and Dynamic Ranking</title>
+
+ <para>
+ Zebra uses internally inverted indexes to look up term occurencies
+ in documents. Multiple queries from different indexes can be
+ combined by the binary boolean operations <literal>AND</literal>,
+ <literal>OR</literal> and/or <literal>NOT</literal> (which
+ is in fact a binary <literal>AND NOT</literal> operation).
+ To ensure fast query execution
+ speed, all indexes have to be sorted in the same order.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ The indexes are normally sorted according to document
+ <literal>ID</literal> in
+ ascending order, and any query which does not invoke a special
+ re-ranking function will therefore retrieve the result set in
+ document
+ <literal>ID</literal>
+ order.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ If one defines the
+ <screen>
+ staticrank: 1
+ </screen>
+ directive in the main core Zebra config file, the internal document
+ keys used for ordering are augmented by a preceeding integer, which
+ contains the static rank of a given document, and the index lists
+ are ordered
+ first by ascending static rank,
+ then by ascending document <literal>ID</literal>.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ This implies that the default rank <literal>0</literal>
+ is the best rank at the
+ beginning of the list, and <literal>max int</literal>
+ is the worst static rank.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ The experimental <literal>alvis</literal> filter provides a
+ directive to fetch static rank information out of the indexed XML
+ records, thus making <emphasis>all</emphasis> hit sets orderd
+ after <emphasis>ascending</emphasis> static
+ rank, and for those doc's which have the same static rank, ordered
+ after <emphasis>ascending</emphasis> doc <literal>ID</literal>.
+ See <xref linkend="record-model-alvisxslt"/> for the glory details.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ If one wants to do a little fiddeling with the static rank order,
+ one has to invoke additional re-ranking/re-ordering using dynamic
+ reranking or score functions. These functions return positive
+ interger scores, where <emphasis>highest</emphasis> score is
+ <emphasis>best</emphasis>, which means that the
+ hit sets will be sorted according to
+ <emphasis>decending</emphasis>
+ scores (in contrary
+ to the index lists which are sorted according to
+ <emphasis>ascending</emphasis> rank number and document ID).
+ </para>
+ <!--
+ <para>
+ Those are defined in the zebra C source files
+ <screen>
+ "rank-1" : zebra/index/rank1.c
+ default TF/IDF like zebra dynamic ranking
+ "rank-static" : zebra/index/rankstatic.c
+ do-nothing dummy static ranking (this is just to prove
+ that the static rank can be used in dynamic ranking functions)
+ "zvrank" : zebra/index/zvrank.c
+ many different dynamic TF/IDF ranking functions
+ </screen>
+ </para>
+ -->
+ <para>
+ Those are in the zebra config file enabled by a directive like (use
+ only one of these a time!):
+ <screen>
+ rank: rank-1 # default
+ rank: rank-static # dummy
+ rank: zvrank # TDF-IDF like
+ </screen>
+ Notice that the <literal>rank-1</literal> and
+ <literal>zvrank</literal> do not use the static rank
+ information in the list keys, and will produce the same ordering
+ with our without static ranking enabled.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ The dummy <literal>rank-static</literal> reranking/scoring
+ function returns just
+ <literal>score = max int - staticrank</literal>
+ in order to preserve the ordering of hit sets with and without it's
+ call.
+ Obviously, to combine static and dynamic ranking usefully, one wants
+ to make a new ranking
+ function, which is left
+ as an exercise for the reader.
+ </para>
+
+ </sect1>
+
+ <sect1 id="administration-extended-services">
+ <title>Extended Services: Remote Insert, Update and Delete</title>
+
+ <para>
+ The extended services are not enabled by default in zebra - due to the
+ fact that they modify the system.
+ In order to allow anybody to update, use
+ <screen>
+ perm.anonymous: rw
+ </screen>
+ in the main zebra configuration file <filename>zebra.cfg</filename>.
+ Or, even better, allow only updates for a particular admin user. For
+ user <literal>admin</literal>, you could use:
+ <screen>
+ perm.admin: rw
+ passwd: passwordfile
+ </screen>
+ And in <filename>passwordfile</filename>, specify users and
+ passwords as colon seperated strings:
+ <screen>
+ admin:secret
+ </screen>
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ We can now start a yaz-client admin session and create a database:
+ <screen>
+ <![CDATA[
+ $ yaz-client localhost:9999 -u admin/secret
+ Z> adm-create
+ ]]>
+ </screen>
+ Now the <literal>Default</literal> database was created,
+ we can insert an XML file (esdd0006.grs
+ from example/gils/records) and index it:
+ <screen>
+ <![CDATA[
+ Z> update insert 1 esdd0006.grs
+ ]]>
+ </screen>
+ The 3rd parameter - <literal>1</literal> here -
+ is the opaque record ID from <literal>Ext update</literal>.
+ It a record ID that <emphasis>we</emphasis> assign to the record
+ in question. If we do not
+ assign one, the usual rules for match apply (recordId: from zebra.cfg).
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ Actually, we should have a way to specify "no opaque record id" for
+ yaz-client's update command.. We'll fix that.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ The newly inserted record can be searched as usual:
+ <screen>
+ <![CDATA[
+ Z> f utah
+ Sent searchRequest.
+ Received SearchResponse.
+ Search was a success.
+ Number of hits: 1, setno 1
+ SearchResult-1: term=utah cnt=1
+ records returned: 0
+ Elapsed: 0.014179
+ ]]>
+ </screen>
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ Let's delete the beast:
+ <screen>
+ <![CDATA[
+ Z> update delete 1
+ No last record (update ignored)
+ Z> update delete 1 esdd0006.grs
+ Got extended services response
+ Status: done
+ Elapsed: 0.072441
+ Z> f utah
+ Sent searchRequest.
+ Received SearchResponse.
+ Search was a success.
+ Number of hits: 0, setno 2
+ SearchResult-1: term=utah cnt=0
+ records returned: 0
+ Elapsed: 0.013610
+ ]]>
+ </screen>
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ If shadow register is enabled in your
+ <filename>zebra.cfg</filename>,
+ you must run the adm-commit command
+ <screen>
+ <![CDATA[
+ Z> adm-commit
+ ]]>
+ </screen>
+ after each update session in order write your changes from the
+ shadow to the life register space.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ Extended services are also available from the YAZ client layer. An
+ example of an YAZ-PHP extended service transaction is given here:
+ <screen>
+ <![CDATA[
+ $record = '<record><title>A fine specimen of a record</title></record>';
+
+ $options = array('action' => 'recordInsert',
+ 'syntax' => 'xml',
+ 'record' => $record,
+ 'databaseName' => 'mydatabase'
+ );
+
+ yaz_es($yaz, 'update', $options);
+ yaz_es($yaz, 'commit', array());
+ yaz_wait();
+
+ if ($error = yaz_error($yaz))
+ echo "$error";
+ ]]>
+ </screen>
+ The <literal>action</literal> parameter can be any of
+ <literal>recordInsert</literal> (will fail if the record already exists),
+ <literal>recordReplace</literal> (will fail if the record does not exist),
+ <literal>recordDelete</literal> (will fail if the record does not
+ exist), and
+ <literal>specialUpdate</literal> (will insert or update the record
+ as needed).
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ If a record is inserted
+ using the action <literal>recordInsert</literal>
+ one can specify the optional
+ <literal>recordIdOpaque</literal> parameter, which is a
+ client-supplied, opaque record identifier. This identifier will
+ replace zebra's own automagic identifier generation.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ When using the action <literal>recordReplace</literal> or
+ <literal>recordDelete</literal>, one must specify the additional
+ <literal>recordIdNumber</literal> parameter, which must be an
+ existing Zebra internal system ID number. When retrieving existing
+ records, the ID number is returned in the field
+ <literal>/*/id:idzebra/localnumber</literal> in the namespace
+ <literal>xmlns:id="http://www.indexdata.dk/zebra/"</literal>,
+ where it can be picked up for later record updates or deletes.
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+
+ <sect1 id="gfs-config">
+ <title>YAZ Frontend Virtual Hosts</title>
+ <para>
+ <command>zebrasrv</command> uses the YAZ server frontend and does
+ support multiple virtual servers behind multiple listening sockets.
+ </para>
+ &zebrasrv-virtual;
+
+ <para>
+ Section "Virtual Hosts" in the YAZ manual.
+ <filename>http://www.indexdata.dk/yaz/doc/server.vhosts.tkl</filename>
+ </para>
+ </sect1>
+
+
+ <sect1 id="administration-cql-to-pqf">
+ <title>Server Side CQL to PQF Query Translation</title>
+ <para>
+ Using the
+ <literal><cql2rpn>l2rpn.txt</cql2rpn></literal>
+ YAZ Frontend Virtual
+ Hosts option, one can configure
+ the YAZ Frontend CQL-to-PQF
+ converter, specifying the interpretation of various
+ <ulink url="http://www.loc.gov/standards/sru/cql/">CQL</ulink>
+ indexes, relations, etc. in terms of Type-1 query attributes.
+ <!-- The yaz-client config file -->
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ For example, using server-side CQL-to-PQF conversion, one might
+ query a zebra server like this:
+ <screen>
+ <![CDATA[
+ yaz-client localhost:9999
+ Z> querytype cql
+ Z> find text=(plant and soil)
+ ]]>
+ </screen>
+ and - if properly configured - even static relevance ranking can
+ be performed using CQL query syntax:
+ <screen>
+ <![CDATA[
+ Z> find text = /relevant (plant and soil)
+ ]]>
+ </screen>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ By the way, the same configuration can be used to
+ search using client-side CQL-to-PQF conversion:
+ (the only difference is <literal>querytype cql2rpn</literal>
+ instead of
+ <literal>querytype cql</literal>, and the call specifying a local
+ conversion file)
+ <screen>
+ <![CDATA[
+ yaz-client -q local/cql2pqf.txt localhost:9999
+ Z> querytype cql2rpn
+ Z> find text=(plant and soil)
+ ]]>
+ </screen>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Exhaustive information can be found in the
+ Section "Specification of CQL to RPN mappings" in the YAZ manual.
+ <ulink url="http://www.indexdata.dk/yaz/doc/tools.tkl#tools.cql.map">
+ http://www.indexdata.dk/yaz/doc/tools.tkl#tools.cql.map</ulink>,
+ and shall therefore not be repeated here.
+ </para>
+ <!--
+ <para>
+ See
+ <ulink url="http://www.loc.gov/z3950/agency/zing/cql/dc-indexes.html">
+ http://www.loc.gov/z3950/agency/zing/cql/dc-indexes.html</ulink>
+ for the Maintenance Agency's work-in-progress mapping of Dublin Core
+ indexes to Attribute Architecture (util, XD and BIB-2)
+ attributes.
+ </para>
+ -->
+ </sect1>
+
+
</chapter>
- <!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
- Local variables:
- mode: sgml
- sgml-omittag:t
- sgml-shorttag:t
- sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
- sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
- sgml-indent-step:1
- sgml-indent-data:t
- sgml-parent-document: "zebra.xml"
- sgml-local-catalogs: nil
- sgml-namecase-general:t
- End:
- -->
+
+ <!-- Keep this Emacs mode comment at the end of the file
+Local variables:
+mode: nxml
+End:
+-->
+
projects / idzebra-moved-to-github.git / blobdiff