zoom: tune CCL to Z39.50 diagnostics mapping
[metaproxy-moved-to-github.git] / src / filter_zoom.cpp
index d381d43..97a1fde 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* This file is part of Metaproxy.
-   Copyright (C) 2005-2011 Index Data
+   Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Index Data
 
 Metaproxy is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
@@ -17,12 +17,13 @@ Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 */
 
 #include "config.hpp"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include "filter_zoom.hpp"
-#include <yaz/zoom.h>
-#include <yaz/yaz-version.h>
-#include <yaz/srw.h>
 #include <metaproxy/package.hpp>
 #include <metaproxy/util.hpp>
+#include <metaproxy/xmlutil.hpp>
 #include "torus.hpp"
 
 #include <libxslt/xsltutils.h>
@@ -30,6 +31,10 @@ Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 
 #include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
 #include <boost/thread/condition.hpp>
+
+#include <yaz/yaz-version.h>
+#include <yaz/tpath.h>
+#include <yaz/srw.h>
 #include <yaz/ccl_xml.h>
 #include <yaz/ccl.h>
 #include <yaz/rpn2cql.h>
@@ -41,28 +46,38 @@ Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 #include <yaz/log.h>
 #include <yaz/zgdu.h>
 #include <yaz/querytowrbuf.h>
+#include <yaz/sortspec.h>
+#include <yaz/tokenizer.h>
+#include <yaz/zoom.h>
 
 namespace mp = metaproxy_1;
 namespace yf = mp::filter;
 
 namespace metaproxy_1 {
     namespace filter {
-        struct Zoom::Searchable : boost::noncopyable {
+        class Zoom::Searchable : boost::noncopyable {
+          public:
             std::string authentication;
             std::string cfAuth;
             std::string cfProxy;
-            std::string cfSubDb;
+            std::string cfSubDB;
             std::string udb;
             std::string target;
             std::string query_encoding;
             std::string sru;
+            std::string sru_version;
             std::string request_syntax;
             std::string element_set;
             std::string record_encoding;
             std::string transform_xsl_fname;
+            std::string transform_xsl_content;
+            std::string urlRecipe;
+            std::string contentConnector;
+            std::string sortStrategy;
             bool use_turbomarc;
             bool piggyback;
             CCL_bibset ccl_bibset;
+            std::map<std::string, std::string> sortmap;
             Searchable(CCL_bibset base);
             ~Searchable();
         };
@@ -70,24 +85,29 @@ namespace metaproxy_1 {
             friend class Impl;
             friend class Frontend;
             std::string zurl;
+            WRBUF m_apdu_wrbuf;
             ZOOM_connection m_connection;
             ZOOM_resultset m_resultset;
             std::string m_frontend_database;
             SearchablePtr sptr;
             xsltStylesheetPtr xsp;
+            std::string content_session_id;
+            bool enable_cproxy;
+            bool enable_explain;
+            xmlDoc *explain_doc;
         public:
-            Backend(SearchablePtr sptr);
+            Backend();
             ~Backend();
-            void connect(std::string zurl, int *error, const char **addinfo);
-            void search_pqf(const char *pqf, Odr_int *hits,
-                            int *error, const char **addinfo);
-            void search_cql(const char *cql, Odr_int *hits,
-                            int *error, const char **addinfo);
+            void connect(std::string zurl, int *error, char **addinfo,
+                         ODR odr);
+            void search(ZOOM_query q, Odr_int *hits,
+                        int *error, char **addinfo, ODR odr);
             void present(Odr_int start, Odr_int number, ZOOM_record *recs,
-                         int *error, const char **addinfo);
+                         int *error, char **addinfo, ODR odr);
             void set_option(const char *name, const char *value);
+            void set_option(const char *name, std::string value);
             const char *get_option(const char *name);
-            void get_zoom_error(int *error, const char **addinfo);
+            void get_zoom_error(int *error, char **addinfo, ODR odr);
         };
         class Zoom::Frontend : boost::noncopyable {
             friend class Impl;
@@ -98,19 +118,59 @@ namespace metaproxy_1 {
             BackendPtr m_backend;
             void handle_package(mp::Package &package);
             void handle_search(mp::Package &package);
+
+            BackendPtr explain_search(mp::Package &package,
+                                      std::string &database,
+                                      int *error,
+                                      char **addinfo,
+                                      mp::odr &odr,
+                                      std::string &torus_db,
+                                      std::string &realm);
             void handle_present(mp::Package &package);
-            BackendPtr get_backend_from_databases(std::string &database,
+            BackendPtr get_backend_from_databases(mp::Package &package,
+                                                  std::string &database,
                                                   int *error,
                                                   char **addinfo,
-                                                  ODR odr);
-            Z_Records *get_records(Odr_int start,
+                                                  mp::odr &odr,
+                                                  int *proxy_step);
+
+            bool create_content_session(mp::Package &package,
+                                        BackendPtr b,
+                                        int *error,
+                                        char **addinfo,
+                                        ODR odr,
+                                        std::string authentication,
+                                        std::string proxy,
+                                        std::string realm);
+            
+            void prepare_elements(BackendPtr b,
+                                  Odr_oid *preferredRecordSyntax,
+                                  const char *element_set_name,
+                                  bool &enable_pz2_retrieval,
+                                  bool &enable_pz2_transform,
+                                  bool &assume_marc8_charset);
+
+            Z_Records *get_records(Package &package,
+                                   Odr_int start,
                                    Odr_int number_to_present,
                                    int *error,
-                                   const char **addinfo,
+                                   char **addinfo,
                                    Odr_int *number_of_records_returned,
                                    ODR odr, BackendPtr b,
                                    Odr_oid *preferredRecordSyntax,
                                    const char *element_set_name);
+            Z_Records *get_explain_records(Package &package,
+                                           Odr_int start,
+                                           Odr_int number_to_present,
+                                           int *error,
+                                           char **addinfo,
+                                           Odr_int *number_of_records_returned,
+                                           ODR odr, BackendPtr b,
+                                           Odr_oid *preferredRecordSyntax,
+                                           const char *element_set_name);
+
+            void log_diagnostic(mp::Package &package,
+                                int error, const char *addinfo);
         public:
             Frontend(Impl *impl);
             ~Frontend();
@@ -121,7 +181,8 @@ namespace metaproxy_1 {
             Impl();
             ~Impl();
             void process(metaproxy_1::Package & package);
-            void configure(const xmlNode * ptr, bool test_only);
+            void configure(const xmlNode * ptr, bool test_only,
+                           const char *path);
         private:
             void configure_local_records(const xmlNode * ptr, bool test_only);
             FrontendPtr get_frontend(mp::Package &package);
@@ -131,17 +192,48 @@ namespace metaproxy_1 {
             std::map<mp::Session, FrontendPtr> m_clients;            
             boost::mutex m_mutex;
             boost::condition m_cond_session_ready;
-            std::string torus_url;
+            std::string torus_searchable_url;
+            std::string torus_content_url;
+            std::string default_realm;
             std::map<std::string,std::string> fieldmap;
             std::string xsldir;
+            std::string file_path;
+            std::string content_proxy_server;
+            std::string content_tmp_file;
+            bool apdu_log;
             CCL_bibset bibset;
             std::string element_transform;
             std::string element_raw;
+            std::string proxy;
+            xsltStylesheetPtr explain_xsp;
             std::map<std::string,SearchablePtr> s_map;
         };
     }
 }
 
+
+static xmlNode *xml_node_search(xmlNode *ptr, int *num, int m)
+{
+    while (ptr)
+    {
+        if (ptr->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE &&
+            !strcmp((const char *) ptr->name, "recordData"))
+        {
+            (*num)++;
+            if (m == *num)
+                return ptr;
+        }
+        else  // else: we don't want to find nested nodes
+        {   
+            xmlNode *ret_node = xml_node_search(ptr->children, num, m);
+            if (ret_node)
+                return ret_node;
+        }
+        ptr = ptr->next;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
 // define Pimpl wrapper forwarding to Impl
  
 yf::Zoom::Zoom() : m_p(new Impl)
@@ -152,9 +244,10 @@ yf::Zoom::~Zoom()
 {  // must have a destructor because of boost::scoped_ptr
 }
 
-void yf::Zoom::configure(const xmlNode *xmlnode, bool test_only)
+void yf::Zoom::configure(const xmlNode *xmlnode, bool test_only,
+                         const char *path)
 {
-    m_p->configure(xmlnode, test_only);
+    m_p->configure(xmlnode, test_only, path);
 }
 
 void yf::Zoom::process(mp::Package &package) const
@@ -165,66 +258,77 @@ void yf::Zoom::process(mp::Package &package) const
 
 // define Implementation stuff
 
-yf::Zoom::Backend::Backend(SearchablePtr ptr) : sptr(ptr)
+yf::Zoom::Backend::Backend()
 {
+    m_apdu_wrbuf = wrbuf_alloc();
     m_connection = ZOOM_connection_create(0);
+    ZOOM_connection_save_apdu_wrbuf(m_connection, m_apdu_wrbuf);
     m_resultset = 0;
     xsp = 0;
+    enable_cproxy = true;
+    enable_explain = false;
+    explain_doc = 0;
 }
 
 yf::Zoom::Backend::~Backend()
 {
     if (xsp)
         xsltFreeStylesheet(xsp);
+    if (explain_doc)
+        xmlFreeDoc(explain_doc);
     ZOOM_connection_destroy(m_connection);
     ZOOM_resultset_destroy(m_resultset);
+    wrbuf_destroy(m_apdu_wrbuf);
 }
 
 
-void yf::Zoom::Backend::get_zoom_error(int *error, const char **addinfo)
+void yf::Zoom::Backend::get_zoom_error(int *error, char **addinfo,
+                                       ODR odr)
 {
     const char *msg = 0;
-    *error = ZOOM_connection_error(m_connection, &msg, addinfo);
-    if (*error)
+    const char *zoom_addinfo = 0;
+    const char *dset = 0;
+    int error0 = ZOOM_connection_error_x(m_connection, &msg,
+                                         &zoom_addinfo, &dset);
+    if (error0)
     {
-        if (*error >= ZOOM_ERROR_CONNECT)
-        {
-            // turn ZOOM diagnostic into a Bib-1 2: with addinfo=zoom err msg
+        if (!dset)
+            dset = "Unknown";
+        
+        if (!strcmp(dset, "info:srw/diagnostic/1"))
+            *error = yaz_diag_srw_to_bib1(error0);
+        else if (!strcmp(dset, "Bib-1"))
+            *error = error0;
+        else
             *error = YAZ_BIB1_TEMPORARY_SYSTEM_ERROR;
-            if (addinfo)
-                *addinfo = msg;
+        
+        *addinfo = (char *) odr_malloc(
+            odr, 30 + strlen(dset) + strlen(msg) +
+            (zoom_addinfo ? strlen(zoom_addinfo) : 0));
+        **addinfo = '\0';
+        if (zoom_addinfo && *zoom_addinfo)
+        {
+            strcpy(*addinfo, zoom_addinfo);
+            strcat(*addinfo, " ");
         }
+        sprintf(*addinfo + strlen(*addinfo), "(%s %d %s)", dset, error0, msg);
     }
 }
 
 void yf::Zoom::Backend::connect(std::string zurl,
-                                int *error, const char **addinfo)
+                                int *error, char **addinfo,
+                                ODR odr)
 {
     ZOOM_connection_connect(m_connection, zurl.c_str(), 0);
-    get_zoom_error(error, addinfo);
+    get_zoom_error(error, addinfo, odr);
 }
 
-void yf::Zoom::Backend::search_pqf(const char *pqf, Odr_int *hits,
-                                   int *error, const char **addinfo)
+void yf::Zoom::Backend::search(ZOOM_query q, Odr_int *hits,
+                               int *error, char **addinfo, ODR odr)
 {
-    m_resultset = ZOOM_connection_search_pqf(m_connection, pqf);
-    get_zoom_error(error, addinfo);
-    if (*error == 0)
-        *hits = ZOOM_resultset_size(m_resultset);
-    else
-        *hits = 0;
-}
-
-void yf::Zoom::Backend::search_cql(const char *cql, Odr_int *hits,
-                                   int *error, const char **addinfo)
-{
-    ZOOM_query q = ZOOM_query_create();
-
-    ZOOM_query_cql(q, cql);
-
+    ZOOM_resultset_destroy(m_resultset);
     m_resultset = ZOOM_connection_search(m_connection, q);
-    ZOOM_query_destroy(q);
-    get_zoom_error(error, addinfo);
+    get_zoom_error(error, addinfo, odr);
     if (*error == 0)
         *hits = ZOOM_resultset_size(m_resultset);
     else
@@ -233,10 +337,10 @@ void yf::Zoom::Backend::search_cql(const char *cql, Odr_int *hits,
 
 void yf::Zoom::Backend::present(Odr_int start, Odr_int number,
                                 ZOOM_record *recs,
-                                int *error, const char **addinfo)
+                                int *error, char **addinfo, ODR odr)
 {
     ZOOM_resultset_records(m_resultset, recs, start, number);
-    get_zoom_error(error, addinfo);
+    get_zoom_error(error, addinfo, odr);
 }
 
 void yf::Zoom::Backend::set_option(const char *name, const char *value)
@@ -246,6 +350,11 @@ void yf::Zoom::Backend::set_option(const char *name, const char *value)
         ZOOM_resultset_option_set(m_resultset, name, value);
 }
 
+void yf::Zoom::Backend::set_option(const char *name, std::string value)
+{
+    set_option(name, value.c_str());
+}
+
 const char *yf::Zoom::Backend::get_option(const char *name)
 {
     return ZOOM_connection_option_get(m_connection, name);
@@ -255,6 +364,8 @@ yf::Zoom::Searchable::Searchable(CCL_bibset base)
 {
     piggyback = true;
     use_turbomarc = true;
+    sortStrategy = "embed";
+    urlRecipe = "${md-electronic-url}";
     ccl_bibset = ccl_qual_dup(base);
 }
 
@@ -317,13 +428,19 @@ void yf::Zoom::Impl::release_frontend(mp::Package &package)
     }
 }
 
-yf::Zoom::Impl::Impl() : element_transform("pz2") , element_raw("raw")
+yf::Zoom::Impl::Impl() :
+    apdu_log(false), element_transform("pz2") , element_raw("raw")
 {
     bibset = ccl_qual_mk();
+
+    explain_xsp = 0;
+    srand((unsigned int) time(0));
 }
 
 yf::Zoom::Impl::~Impl()
-{ 
+{
+    if (explain_xsp)
+        xsltFreeStylesheet(explain_xsp);
     ccl_qual_rm(&bibset);
 }
 
@@ -353,9 +470,14 @@ yf::Zoom::SearchablePtr yf::Zoom::Impl::parse_torus_record(const xmlNode *ptr)
             s->cfProxy = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
         }  
         else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name,
-                         "cfSubDb"))
+                         "cfSubDB"))
         {
-            s->cfSubDb = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
+            s->cfSubDB = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
+        }  
+        else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name,
+                         "contentConnector"))
+        {
+            s->contentConnector = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
         }  
         else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name, "udb"))
         {
@@ -369,6 +491,11 @@ yf::Zoom::SearchablePtr yf::Zoom::Impl::parse_torus_record(const xmlNode *ptr)
         {
             s->sru = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
         }
+        else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name, "SRUVersion") ||
+                 !strcmp((const char *) ptr->name, "sruVersion"))
+        {
+            s->sru_version = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
+        }
         else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name,
                          "queryEncoding"))
         {
@@ -400,6 +527,16 @@ yf::Zoom::SearchablePtr yf::Zoom::Impl::parse_torus_record(const xmlNode *ptr)
             s->transform_xsl_fname = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
         }
         else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name,
+                         "literalTransform"))
+        {
+            s->transform_xsl_content = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
+        }
+        else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name,
+                         "urlRecipe"))
+        {
+            s->urlRecipe = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
+        }
+        else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name,
                          "useTurboMarc"))
         {
             ; // useTurboMarc is ignored
@@ -408,8 +545,22 @@ yf::Zoom::SearchablePtr yf::Zoom::Impl::parse_torus_record(const xmlNode *ptr)
                           "cclmap_", 7))
         {
             std::string value = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
-            ccl_qual_fitem(s->ccl_bibset, value.c_str(),
-                           (const char *) ptr->name + 7);
+            if (value.length() > 0)
+            {
+                ccl_qual_fitem(s->ccl_bibset, value.c_str(),
+                               (const char *) ptr->name + 7);
+            }
+        }
+        else if (!strncmp((const char *) ptr->name,
+                          "sortmap_", 8))
+        {
+            std::string value = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
+            s->sortmap[(const char *) ptr->name + 8] = value;
+        }
+        else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name,
+                          "sortStrategy"))
+        {
+            s->sortStrategy = mp::xml::get_text(ptr);
         }
     }
     return s;
@@ -463,8 +614,16 @@ void yf::Zoom::Impl::configure_local_records(const xmlNode *ptr, bool test_only)
     }
 }
 
-void yf::Zoom::Impl::configure(const xmlNode *ptr, bool test_only)
+void yf::Zoom::Impl::configure(const xmlNode *ptr, bool test_only,
+                               const char *path)
 {
+    std::string explain_xslt_fname;
+
+    content_tmp_file = "/tmp/cf.XXXXXX.p";
+    if (path && *path)
+    {
+        file_path = path;
+    }
     for (ptr = ptr->children; ptr; ptr = ptr->next)
     {
         if (ptr->type != XML_ELEMENT_NODE)
@@ -475,18 +634,30 @@ void yf::Zoom::Impl::configure(const xmlNode *ptr, bool test_only)
             for (attr = ptr->properties; attr; attr = attr->next)
             {
                 if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "url"))
-                    torus_url = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
+                    torus_searchable_url = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
+                else if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "content_url"))
+                    torus_content_url = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
+                else if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "realm"))
+                    default_realm = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
                 else if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "xsldir"))
                     xsldir = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
                 else if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "element_transform"))
                     element_transform = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
                 else if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "element_raw"))
                     element_raw = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
+                else if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "proxy"))
+                    proxy = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
+                else if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "explain_xsl"))
+                    explain_xslt_fname = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
                 else
                     throw mp::filter::FilterException(
                         "Bad attribute " + std::string((const char *)
                                                        attr->name));
             }
+            // If content_url is not given, use value of searchable, to
+            // ensure backwards compatibility
+            if (!torus_content_url.length())
+                torus_content_url = torus_searchable_url;
             configure_local_records(ptr->children, test_only);
         }
         else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name, "cclmap"))
@@ -513,6 +684,34 @@ void yf::Zoom::Impl::configure(const xmlNode *ptr, bool test_only)
             if (cql_field.length())
                 fieldmap[cql_field] = ccl_field;
         }
+        else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name, "contentProxy"))
+        {
+            const struct _xmlAttr *attr;
+            for (attr = ptr->properties; attr; attr = attr->next)
+            {
+                if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "server"))
+                    content_proxy_server = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
+                else if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "tmp_file"))
+                    content_tmp_file = mp::xml::get_text(attr->children);
+                else
+                    throw mp::filter::FilterException(
+                        "Bad attribute " + std::string((const char *)
+                                                       attr->name));
+            }
+        }
+        else if (!strcmp((const char *) ptr->name, "log"))
+        { 
+            const struct _xmlAttr *attr;
+            for (attr = ptr->properties; attr; attr = attr->next)
+            {
+                if (!strcmp((const char *) attr->name, "apdu"))
+                    apdu_log = mp::xml::get_bool(attr->children, false);
+                else
+                    throw mp::filter::FilterException(
+                        "Bad attribute " + std::string((const char *)
+                                                       attr->name));
+            }
+        }
         else
         {
             throw mp::filter::FilterException
@@ -521,35 +720,230 @@ void yf::Zoom::Impl::configure(const xmlNode *ptr, bool test_only)
                  + " in zoom filter");
         }
     }
+
+    if (explain_xslt_fname.length())
+    {
+        const char *path = 0;
+        
+        if (xsldir.length())
+            path = xsldir.c_str();
+        else
+            path = file_path.c_str();
+        
+        char fullpath[1024];
+        char *cp = yaz_filepath_resolve(explain_xslt_fname.c_str(),
+                                        path, 0, fullpath);
+        if (!cp)
+        {
+            throw mp::filter::FilterException
+                ("Cannot read XSLT " + explain_xslt_fname);
+        }
+
+        xmlDoc *xsp_doc = xmlParseFile(cp);
+        if (!xsp_doc)
+        {
+            throw mp::filter::FilterException
+                ("Cannot parse XSLT " + explain_xslt_fname);
+        }
+
+        explain_xsp = xsltParseStylesheetDoc(xsp_doc);
+        if (!explain_xsp)
+        {
+            xmlFreeDoc(xsp_doc);
+            throw mp::filter::FilterException
+                ("Cannot parse XSLT " + explain_xslt_fname);
+            
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool yf::Zoom::Frontend::create_content_session(mp::Package &package,
+                                                BackendPtr b,
+                                                int *error, char **addinfo,
+                                                ODR odr,
+                                                std::string authentication,
+                                                std::string proxy,
+                                                std::string realm)
+{
+    if (b->sptr->contentConnector.length())
+    {
+        char *fname = (char *) xmalloc(m_p->content_tmp_file.length() + 8);
+        strcpy(fname, m_p->content_tmp_file.c_str());
+        char *xx = strstr(fname, "XXXXXX");
+        if (!xx)
+        {
+            xx = fname + strlen(fname);
+            strcat(fname, "XXXXXX");
+        }
+        char tmp_char = xx[6];
+        sprintf(xx, "%06d", ((unsigned) rand()) % 1000000);
+        xx[6] = tmp_char;
+
+        FILE *file = fopen(fname, "w");
+        if (!file)
+        {
+            package.log("zoom", YLOG_WARN|YLOG_ERRNO, "create %s", fname);
+            *error = YAZ_BIB1_TEMPORARY_SYSTEM_ERROR;
+            *addinfo = (char *)  odr_malloc(odr, 40 + strlen(fname));
+            sprintf(*addinfo, "Could not create %s", fname);
+            xfree(fname);
+            return false;
+        }
+        b->content_session_id.assign(xx, 6);
+        WRBUF w = wrbuf_alloc();
+        wrbuf_puts(w, "#content_proxy\n");
+        wrbuf_printf(w, "connector: %s\n", b->sptr->contentConnector.c_str());
+        if (authentication.length())
+            wrbuf_printf(w, "auth: %s\n", authentication.c_str());
+        if (proxy.length())
+            wrbuf_printf(w, "proxy: %s\n", proxy.c_str());
+        if (realm.length())
+            wrbuf_printf(w, "realm: %s\n", realm.c_str());
+
+        fwrite(wrbuf_buf(w), 1, wrbuf_len(w), file);
+        fclose(file);
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "content file: %s", fname);
+        xfree(fname);
+        wrbuf_destroy(w);
+    }
+    return true;
 }
 
 yf::Zoom::BackendPtr yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_backend_from_databases(
-    std::string &database, int *error, char **addinfo, ODR odr)
+    mp::Package &package,
+    std::string &database, int *error, char **addinfo, mp::odr &odr,
+    int *proxy_step)
 {
     std::list<BackendPtr>::const_iterator map_it;
-    if (m_backend && m_backend->m_frontend_database == database)
+    if (m_backend && !m_backend->enable_explain && 
+        m_backend->m_frontend_database == database)
         return m_backend;
 
-    std::string db_args;
+    std::string input_args;
     std::string torus_db;
     size_t db_arg_pos = database.find(',');
     if (db_arg_pos != std::string::npos)
     {
         torus_db = database.substr(0, db_arg_pos);
-        db_args = database.substr(db_arg_pos + 1);
+        input_args = database.substr(db_arg_pos + 1);
     }
     else
         torus_db = database;
+
+    std::string authentication;
+    std::string content_authentication;
+    std::string proxy;
+    std::string content_proxy;
+    std::string realm = m_p->default_realm;
+
+    const char *param_user = 0;
+    const char *param_password = 0;
+    const char *param_content_user = 0;
+    const char *param_content_password = 0;
+    const char *param_nocproxy = 0;
+    int no_parms = 0;
+
+    char **names;
+    char **values;
+    int no_out_args = 0;
+    if (input_args.length())
+        no_parms = yaz_uri_to_array(input_args.c_str(),
+                                    odr, &names, &values);
+    // adding 10 because we'll be adding other URL args
+    const char **out_names = (const char **)
+        odr_malloc(odr, (10 + no_parms) * sizeof(*out_names));
+    const char **out_values = (const char **)
+        odr_malloc(odr, (10 + no_parms) * sizeof(*out_values));
+    
+    // may be changed if it's a content connection
+    std::string torus_url = m_p->torus_searchable_url;
+    int i;
+    for (i = 0; i < no_parms; i++)
+    {
+        const char *name = names[i];
+        const char *value = values[i];
+        assert(name);
+        assert(value);
+        if (!strcmp(name, "user"))
+            param_user = value;
+        else if (!strcmp(name, "password"))
+            param_password = value;
+        else if (!strcmp(name, "content-user"))
+            param_content_user = value;
+        else if (!strcmp(name, "content-password"))
+            param_content_password = value;
+        else if (!strcmp(name, "content-proxy"))
+            content_proxy = value;
+        else if (!strcmp(name, "nocproxy"))
+            param_nocproxy = value;
+        else if (!strcmp(name, "proxy"))
+        {
+            char **dstr;
+            int dnum = 0;
+            nmem_strsplit(((ODR) odr)->mem, ",", value, &dstr, &dnum);
+            if (*proxy_step >= dnum)
+                *proxy_step = 0;
+            else
+            {
+                proxy = dstr[*proxy_step];
+                
+                (*proxy_step)++;
+                if (*proxy_step == dnum)
+                    *proxy_step = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (!strcmp(name, "cproxysession"))
+        {
+            out_names[no_out_args] = name;
+            out_values[no_out_args++] = value;
+            torus_url = m_p->torus_content_url;
+        }
+        else if (!strcmp(name, "realm"))
+            realm = value;
+        else if (name[0] == 'x' && name[1] == '-')
+        {
+            out_names[no_out_args] = name;
+            out_values[no_out_args++] = value;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            BackendPtr notfound;
+            char *msg = (char*) odr_malloc(odr, strlen(name) + 30);
+            *error = YAZ_BIB1_TEMPORARY_SYSTEM_ERROR;
+            sprintf(msg, "Bad database argument: %s", name);
+            *addinfo = msg;
+            return notfound;
+        }
+    }
+    if (param_user)
+    {
+        authentication = std::string(param_user);
+        if (param_password)
+            authentication += "/" + std::string(param_password);
+    }
+    if (param_content_user)
+    {
+        content_authentication = std::string(param_content_user);
+        if (param_content_password)
+            content_authentication += "/" + std::string(param_content_password);
+    }
+
+    if (torus_db.compare("IR-Explain---1") == 0)
+        return explain_search(package, database, error, addinfo, odr, torus_db,
+            realm);
+    
     SearchablePtr sptr;
 
     std::map<std::string,SearchablePtr>::iterator it;
     it = m_p->s_map.find(torus_db);
     if (it != m_p->s_map.end())
         sptr = it->second;
-    else
+    else if (torus_url.length() > 0)
     {
-        xmlDoc *doc = mp::get_searchable(m_p->torus_url, torus_db);
+        std::string torus_query = "udb==" + torus_db;
+        xmlDoc *doc = mp::get_searchable(package,torus_url, torus_db,
+                                         torus_query,
+                                         realm, m_p->proxy);
         if (!doc)
         {
             *error = YAZ_BIB1_DATABASE_DOES_NOT_EXIST;
@@ -566,8 +960,17 @@ yf::Zoom::BackendPtr yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_backend_from_databases(
                 if (ptr->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE
                     && !strcmp((const char *) ptr->name, "record"))
                 {
+                    if (sptr)
+                    {
+                        *error = YAZ_BIB1_UNSPECIFIED_ERROR;
+                        *addinfo = (char*) odr_malloc(odr, 40 + database.length()),
+                        sprintf(*addinfo, "multiple records for udb=%s",
+                                 database.c_str());
+                        xmlFreeDoc(doc);
+                        BackendPtr b;
+                        return b;
+                    }
                     sptr = m_p->parse_torus_record(ptr);
-                    break;
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -583,20 +986,59 @@ yf::Zoom::BackendPtr yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_backend_from_databases(
     }
         
     xsltStylesheetPtr xsp = 0;
-    if (sptr->transform_xsl_fname.length())
+    if (sptr->transform_xsl_content.length())
+    {
+        xmlDoc *xsp_doc = xmlParseMemory(sptr->transform_xsl_content.c_str(),
+                                         sptr->transform_xsl_content.length());
+        if (!xsp_doc)
+        {
+            *error = YAZ_BIB1_TEMPORARY_SYSTEM_ERROR;
+            *addinfo = (char *) odr_malloc(odr, 40);
+            sprintf(*addinfo, "xmlParseMemory failed");
+            BackendPtr b;
+            return b;
+        }
+        xsp = xsltParseStylesheetDoc(xsp_doc);
+        if (!xsp)
+        {
+            *error = YAZ_BIB1_DATABASE_DOES_NOT_EXIST;
+            *addinfo = odr_strdup(odr, "xsltParseStylesheetDoc failed");
+            BackendPtr b;
+            xmlFreeDoc(xsp_doc);
+            return b;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (sptr->transform_xsl_fname.length())
     {
+        const char *path = 0;
+
+        if (m_p->xsldir.length())
+            path = m_p->xsldir.c_str();
+        else
+            path = m_p->file_path.c_str();
         std::string fname;
 
-        if (m_p->xsldir.length()) 
-            fname = m_p->xsldir + "/" + sptr->transform_xsl_fname;
+        char fullpath[1024];
+        char *cp = yaz_filepath_resolve(sptr->transform_xsl_fname.c_str(),
+                                        path, 0, fullpath);
+        if (cp)
+            fname.assign(cp);
         else
-            fname = sptr->transform_xsl_fname;
+        {
+            *error = YAZ_BIB1_TEMPORARY_SYSTEM_ERROR;
+            *addinfo = (char *)
+                odr_malloc(odr, 40 + sptr->transform_xsl_fname.length());
+            sprintf(*addinfo, "File could not be read: %s", 
+                    sptr->transform_xsl_fname.c_str());
+            BackendPtr b;
+            return b;
+        }
         xmlDoc *xsp_doc = xmlParseFile(fname.c_str());
         if (!xsp_doc)
         {
             *error = YAZ_BIB1_TEMPORARY_SYSTEM_ERROR;
-            *addinfo = (char *) odr_malloc(odr, 40 + strlen(fname.c_str()));
-            sprintf(*addinfo, "xmlParseFile failed. File %s", fname.c_str());
+            *addinfo = (char *) odr_malloc(odr, 40 + fname.length());
+            sprintf(*addinfo, "xmlParseFile failed. File: %s", fname.c_str());
             BackendPtr b;
             return b;
         }
@@ -613,146 +1055,133 @@ yf::Zoom::BackendPtr yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_backend_from_databases(
 
     m_backend.reset();
 
-    BackendPtr b(new Backend(sptr));
+    BackendPtr b(new Backend);
 
+    b->sptr = sptr;
     b->xsp = xsp;
     b->m_frontend_database = database;
-    std::string authentication = sptr->authentication;
-        
-    b->set_option("timeout", "40");
+    b->enable_cproxy = param_nocproxy ? false : true;
 
     if (sptr->query_encoding.length())
-        b->set_option("rpnCharset", sptr->query_encoding.c_str());
+        b->set_option("rpnCharset", sptr->query_encoding);
+
+    b->set_option("timeout", "40");
+    
+    if (m_p->apdu_log) 
+        b->set_option("apdulog", "1");
+
+    if (sptr->piggyback && sptr->sru.length())
+        b->set_option("count", "1"); /* some SRU servers INSIST on getting
+                                        maximumRecords > 0 */
+    b->set_option("piggyback", sptr->piggyback ? "1" : "0");
 
+    if (authentication.length() == 0)
+        authentication = sptr->authentication;
+
+    if (proxy.length() == 0)
+        proxy = sptr->cfProxy;
+    
     if (sptr->cfAuth.length())
     {
         // A CF target
-        b->set_option("user", sptr->cfAuth.c_str());
-        if (authentication.length() && db_args.length() == 0)
+        b->set_option("user", sptr->cfAuth);
+        if (authentication.length())
         {
-            // no database (auth) args specified already.. and the
-            // Torus authentication has it.. Generate the args that CF
-            // understands..
             size_t found = authentication.find('/');
             if (found != std::string::npos)
             {
-                db_args += "user=" + mp::util::uri_encode(authentication.substr(0, found))
-                    + "&password=" + mp::util::uri_encode(authentication.substr(found+1));
+                out_names[no_out_args] = "user";
+                out_values[no_out_args++] =
+                    odr_strdup(odr, authentication.substr(0, found).c_str());
+
+                out_names[no_out_args] = "password";
+                out_values[no_out_args++] =
+                    odr_strdup(odr, authentication.substr(found+1).c_str());
             }
             else
-                db_args += "user=" + mp::util::uri_encode(authentication);
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // A non-CF target
-        if (db_args.length())
-        {
-            // user has specified backend authentication
-            const char *param_user = 0;
-            const char *param_password = 0;
-            char **names;
-            char **values;
-            int i;
-            int no_parms = yaz_uri_to_array(db_args.c_str(),
-                                            odr, &names, &values);
-            for (i = 0; i < no_parms; i++)
             {
-                const char *name = names[i];
-                const char *value = values[i];
-                if (!strcmp(name, "user"))
-                    param_user = value;
-                else if (!strcmp(name, "password"))
-                    param_password = value;
-                else
-                {
-                    BackendPtr notfound;
-                    char *msg = (char*) odr_malloc(odr, strlen(name) + 30);
-                    *error = YAZ_BIB1_TEMPORARY_SYSTEM_ERROR;
-                    sprintf(msg, "Bad database argument: %s", name);
-                    *addinfo = msg;
-                    return notfound;
-                }
-            }
-            if (param_user && param_password)
-            {
-                char *auth = (char*) odr_malloc(
-                    odr, strlen(param_user) + strlen(param_password) + 2);
-                strcpy(auth, param_user);
-                strcat(auth, "/");
-                strcat(auth, param_password);
-                b->set_option("user", auth);
-            }
-            db_args.clear(); // no arguments to be passed (non-CF)
+                out_names[no_out_args] = "user";
+                out_values[no_out_args++] =
+                    odr_strdup(odr, authentication.c_str());
+            }                
         }
-        else
+        if (proxy.length())
         {
-            // use authentication from Torus, if given
-            if (authentication.length())
-                b->set_option("user", authentication.c_str());
+            out_names[no_out_args] = "proxy";
+            out_values[no_out_args++] = odr_strdup(odr, proxy.c_str());
+        }
+        if (sptr->cfSubDB.length())
+        {
+            out_names[no_out_args] = "subdatabase";
+            out_values[no_out_args++] = odr_strdup(odr, sptr->cfSubDB.c_str());
+        }
+        if (param_nocproxy)
+        {
+            out_names[no_out_args] = "nocproxy";
+            out_values[no_out_args++] = odr_strdup(odr, param_nocproxy);
         }
     }
-    if (sptr->cfProxy.length())
-    {
-        if (db_args.length())
-            db_args += "&";
-        db_args += "proxy=" + mp::util::uri_encode(sptr->cfProxy);
-    }
-    if (sptr->cfSubDb.length())
+    else
     {
-        if (db_args.length())
-            db_args += "&";
-        db_args += "subdatabase=" + mp::util::uri_encode(sptr->cfSubDb);
-    }
+        size_t found = authentication.find('/');
+        
+        if (sptr->sru.length() && found != std::string::npos)
+        {
+            b->set_option("user", authentication.substr(0, found));
+            b->set_option("password", authentication.substr(found+1));
+        }
+        else
+            b->set_option("user", authentication);
 
+        if (proxy.length())
+            b->set_option("proxy", proxy);
+    }
+    if (proxy.length())
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "proxy: %s", proxy.c_str());
+                
     std::string url;
     if (sptr->sru.length())
     {
         url = "http://" + sptr->target;
-        b->set_option("sru", sptr->sru.c_str());
+        b->set_option("sru", sptr->sru);
+
+        if (sptr->sru_version.length())
+            b->set_option("sru_version", sptr->sru_version);
     }
     else
     {
         url = sptr->target;
     }
-    if (db_args.length())
-        url += "," + db_args;
-    yaz_log(YLOG_LOG, "url=%s", url.c_str());
-    const char *addinfo_c = 0;
-    b->connect(url, error, &addinfo_c);
-    if (addinfo_c)
-        *addinfo = odr_strdup(odr, addinfo_c);
-    if (*error == 0)
+    if (no_out_args)
     {
-        m_backend = b;
+        char *x_args = 0;
+        out_names[no_out_args] = 0; // terminate list
+        
+        yaz_array_to_uri(&x_args, odr, (char **) out_names,
+                         (char **) out_values);
+        url += "," + std::string(x_args);
     }
+    package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "url: %s", url.c_str());
+    b->connect(url, error, addinfo, odr);
+    if (*error == 0 && b->enable_cproxy)
+        create_content_session(package, b, error, addinfo, odr,
+                               content_authentication.length() ?
+                               content_authentication : authentication,
+                               content_proxy.length() ? content_proxy : proxy,
+                               realm);
+    if (*error == 0)
+        m_backend = b;
     return b;
 }
 
-Z_Records *yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_records(Odr_int start,
-                                           Odr_int number_to_present,
-                                           int *error,
-                                           const char **addinfo,
-                                           Odr_int *number_of_records_returned,
-                                           ODR odr,
-                                           BackendPtr b,
-                                           Odr_oid *preferredRecordSyntax,
-                                           const char *element_set_name)
-{
-    *number_of_records_returned = 0;
-    Z_Records *records = 0;
-    bool enable_pz2_retrieval = false; // whether target profile is used
-    bool enable_pz2_transform = false; // whether XSLT is used as well
-
-    if (start < 0 || number_to_present <= 0)
-        return records;
-    
-    if (number_to_present > 10000)
-        number_to_present = 10000;
-    
-    ZOOM_record *recs = (ZOOM_record *)
-        odr_malloc(odr, number_to_present * sizeof(*recs));
+void yf::Zoom::Frontend::prepare_elements(BackendPtr b,
+                                          Odr_oid *preferredRecordSyntax,
+                                          const char *element_set_name,
+                                          bool &enable_pz2_retrieval,
+                                          bool &enable_pz2_transform,
+                                          bool &assume_marc8_charset)
 
+{
     char oid_name_str[OID_STR_MAX];
     const char *syntax_name = 0;
     
@@ -773,13 +1202,24 @@ Z_Records *yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_records(Odr_int start,
     
     if (enable_pz2_retrieval)
     {
-        if (b->sptr->request_syntax.length())
-            syntax_name = b->sptr->request_syntax.c_str();
+        std::string configured_request_syntax = b->sptr->request_syntax;
+        if (configured_request_syntax.length())
+        {
+            syntax_name = configured_request_syntax.c_str();
+            const Odr_oid *syntax_oid = 
+                yaz_string_to_oid(yaz_oid_std(), CLASS_RECSYN, syntax_name);
+            if (!oid_oidcmp(syntax_oid, yaz_oid_recsyn_usmarc)
+                || !oid_oidcmp(syntax_oid, yaz_oid_recsyn_opac))
+                assume_marc8_charset = true;
+        }
     }
     else if (preferredRecordSyntax)
         syntax_name =
             yaz_oid_to_string_buf(preferredRecordSyntax, 0, oid_name_str);
 
+    if (b->sptr->sru.length())
+        syntax_name = "XML";
+
     b->set_option("preferredRecordSyntax", syntax_name);
 
     if (enable_pz2_retrieval)
@@ -790,10 +1230,109 @@ Z_Records *yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_records(Odr_int start,
     }
 
     b->set_option("elementSetName", element_set_name);
+    if (b->sptr->sru.length() && element_set_name)
+        b->set_option("schema", element_set_name);
+}
 
-    b->present(start, number_to_present, recs, error, addinfo);
+Z_Records *yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_explain_records(
+    Package &package,
+    Odr_int start,
+    Odr_int number_to_present,
+    int *error,
+    char **addinfo,
+    Odr_int *number_of_records_returned,
+    ODR odr,
+    BackendPtr b,
+    Odr_oid *preferredRecordSyntax,
+    const char *element_set_name)
+{
+    Odr_int i;
+    Z_Records *records = 0;
+
+    if (!b->explain_doc)
+    {
+        return records;
+    }
+    if (number_to_present > 10000)
+        number_to_present = 10000;
+
+    xmlNode *ptr = xmlDocGetRootElement(b->explain_doc);
+    
+    Z_NamePlusRecordList *npl = (Z_NamePlusRecordList *)
+        odr_malloc(odr, sizeof(*npl));
+    npl->records = (Z_NamePlusRecord **)
+        odr_malloc(odr, number_to_present * sizeof(*npl->records));
+    
+    for (i = 0; i < number_to_present; i++)
+    {
+        int num = 0;
+        xmlNode *res = xml_node_search(ptr, &num, start + i + 1);
+        if (!res)
+            break;
+        xmlBufferPtr xml_buf = xmlBufferCreate();
+        xmlNode *tmp_node = xmlCopyNode(res->children, 1);
+        xmlNodeDump(xml_buf, tmp_node->doc, tmp_node, 0, 0);
+
+        Z_NamePlusRecord *npr =
+            (Z_NamePlusRecord *) odr_malloc(odr, sizeof(*npr));
+        npr->databaseName = odr_strdup(odr, b->m_frontend_database.c_str());
+        npr->which = Z_NamePlusRecord_databaseRecord;
+        npr->u.databaseRecord =
+            z_ext_record_xml(odr,
+                             (const char *) xml_buf->content, xml_buf->use);
+        npl->records[i] = npr;
+        xmlFreeNode(tmp_node);
+        xmlBufferFree(xml_buf);
+    }
+    records = (Z_Records*) odr_malloc(odr, sizeof(*records));
+    records->which = Z_Records_DBOSD;
+    records->u.databaseOrSurDiagnostics = npl;
 
-    Odr_int i = 0;
+    npl->num_records = i;
+    *number_of_records_returned = i;
+    return records;
+}
+
+
+Z_Records *yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_records(Package &package,
+                                           Odr_int start,
+                                           Odr_int number_to_present,
+                                           int *error,
+                                           char **addinfo,
+                                           Odr_int *number_of_records_returned,
+                                           ODR odr,
+                                           BackendPtr b,
+                                           Odr_oid *preferredRecordSyntax,
+                                           const char *element_set_name)
+{
+    *number_of_records_returned = 0;
+    Z_Records *records = 0;
+    bool enable_pz2_retrieval = false; // whether target profile is used
+    bool enable_pz2_transform = false; // whether XSLT is used as well
+    bool assume_marc8_charset = false;
+
+    prepare_elements(b, preferredRecordSyntax,
+                     element_set_name,
+                     enable_pz2_retrieval,
+                     enable_pz2_transform,
+                     assume_marc8_charset);
+
+    package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "pz2_retrieval: %s . pz2_transform: %s",
+                enable_pz2_retrieval ? "yes" : "no",
+                enable_pz2_transform ? "yes" : "no");
+
+    if (start < 0 || number_to_present <=0)
+        return records;
+    
+    if (number_to_present > 10000)
+        number_to_present = 10000;
+
+    ZOOM_record *recs = (ZOOM_record *)
+        odr_malloc(odr, (size_t) number_to_present * sizeof(*recs));
+
+    b->present(start, number_to_present, recs, error, addinfo, odr);
+
+    int i = 0;
     if (!*error)
     {
         for (i = 0; i < number_to_present; i++)
@@ -814,61 +1353,153 @@ Z_Records *yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_records(Odr_int start,
         {
             Z_NamePlusRecord *npr = 0;
             const char *addinfo;
+
             int sur_error = ZOOM_record_error(recs[i], 0 /* msg */,
                                               &addinfo, 0 /* diagset */);
                 
             if (sur_error)
             {
+                log_diagnostic(package, sur_error, addinfo);
                 npr = zget_surrogateDiagRec(odr, odr_database, sur_error,
                                             addinfo);
             }
             else if (enable_pz2_retrieval)
             {
                 char rec_type_str[100];
+                const char *record_encoding = 0;
 
-                strcpy(rec_type_str, b->sptr->use_turbomarc ?
-                       "txml" : "xml");
-                // prevent buffer overflow ...
-                if (b->sptr->record_encoding.length() > 0 &&
-                    b->sptr->record_encoding.length() < 
-                    (sizeof(rec_type_str)-20))
+                if (b->sptr->record_encoding.length())
+                    record_encoding = b->sptr->record_encoding.c_str();
+                else if (assume_marc8_charset)
+                    record_encoding = "marc8";
+
+                strcpy(rec_type_str, b->sptr->use_turbomarc ? "txml" : "xml");
+                if (record_encoding)
                 {
                     strcat(rec_type_str, "; charset=");
-                    strcat(rec_type_str, b->sptr->record_encoding.c_str());
+                    strcat(rec_type_str, record_encoding);
                 }
-                
+
+                package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "Getting record of type %s",
+                            rec_type_str);
                 int rec_len;
+                xmlChar *xmlrec_buf = 0;
                 const char *rec_buf = ZOOM_record_get(recs[i], rec_type_str,
                                                       &rec_len);
+                if (!rec_buf && !npr)
+                {
+                    std::string addinfo("ZOOM_record_get failed for type ");
+
+                    int error = YAZ_BIB1_SYSTEM_ERROR_IN_PRESENTING_RECORDS;
+                    addinfo += rec_type_str;
+                    log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo.c_str());
+                    npr = zget_surrogateDiagRec(odr, odr_database,
+                                                error, addinfo.c_str());
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    package.log_write(rec_buf, rec_len);
+                    package.log_write("\r\n", 2);
+                }
+
                 if (rec_buf && b->xsp && enable_pz2_transform)
                 {
                     xmlDoc *rec_doc = xmlParseMemory(rec_buf, rec_len);
-                    if (rec_doc)
+                    if (!rec_doc)
+                    {
+                        const char *addinfo = "xml parse failed for record";
+                        int error = YAZ_BIB1_SYSTEM_ERROR_IN_PRESENTING_RECORDS;
+                        log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
+                        npr = zget_surrogateDiagRec(
+                            odr, odr_database, error, addinfo);
+                    }
+                    else
                     { 
-                        xmlDoc *rec_res;
-                        rec_res = xsltApplyStylesheet(b->xsp, rec_doc, 0);
+                        xmlDoc *rec_res = 
+                            xsltApplyStylesheet(b->xsp, rec_doc, 0);
 
                         if (rec_res)
-                            xsltSaveResultToString((xmlChar **) &rec_buf, &rec_len,
+                        {
+                            xsltSaveResultToString(&xmlrec_buf, &rec_len,
                                                    rec_res, b->xsp);
+                            rec_buf = (const char *) xmlrec_buf;
+                            package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "xslt successful");
+                            package.log_write(rec_buf, rec_len);
+
+                            xmlFreeDoc(rec_res);
+                        }
+                        if (!rec_buf)
+                        {
+                            std::string addinfo;
+                            int error =
+                                YAZ_BIB1_SYSTEM_ERROR_IN_PRESENTING_RECORDS;
+
+                            addinfo = "xslt apply failed for "
+                                + b->sptr->transform_xsl_fname;
+                            log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo.c_str());
+                            npr = zget_surrogateDiagRec(
+                                odr, odr_database, error, addinfo.c_str());
+                        }
+                        xmlFreeDoc(rec_doc);
                     }
                 }
 
-                if (rec_buf)
+                if (rec_buf && b->enable_cproxy)
                 {
-                    npr = (Z_NamePlusRecord *) odr_malloc(odr, sizeof(*npr));
-                    npr->databaseName = odr_database;
-                    npr->which = Z_NamePlusRecord_databaseRecord;
-                    npr->u.databaseRecord =
-                        z_ext_record_xml(odr, rec_buf, rec_len);
+                    xmlDoc *doc = xmlParseMemory(rec_buf, rec_len);
+                    std::string res = 
+                        mp::xml::url_recipe_handle(doc, b->sptr->urlRecipe);
+                    if (res.length() && b->content_session_id.length())
+                    {
+                        size_t off = res.find_first_of("://");
+                        if (off != std::string::npos)
+                        {
+                            char tmp[1024];
+                            sprintf(tmp, "%s.%s/",
+                                    b->content_session_id.c_str(),
+                                    m_p->content_proxy_server.c_str());
+                            res.insert(off + 3, tmp);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (res.length())
+                    {
+                        xmlNode *ptr = xmlDocGetRootElement(doc);
+                        while (ptr && ptr->type != XML_ELEMENT_NODE)
+                            ptr = ptr->next;
+                        xmlNode *c = 
+                            xmlNewChild(ptr, 0, BAD_CAST "metadata", 0);
+                        xmlNewProp(c, BAD_CAST "type", BAD_CAST
+                                   "generated-url");
+                        xmlNode * t = xmlNewText(BAD_CAST res.c_str());
+                        xmlAddChild(c, t);
+
+                        if (xmlrec_buf)
+                            xmlFree(xmlrec_buf);
+
+                        xmlDocDumpMemory(doc, &xmlrec_buf, &rec_len);
+                        rec_buf = (const char *) xmlrec_buf;
+                    }
+                    xmlFreeDoc(doc);
                 }
-                else
+                if (!npr)
                 {
-                    npr = zget_surrogateDiagRec(
-                        odr, odr_database, 
-                        YAZ_BIB1_SYSTEM_ERROR_IN_PRESENTING_RECORDS,
-                        rec_type_str);
+                    if (!rec_buf)
+                        npr = zget_surrogateDiagRec(
+                            odr, odr_database, 
+                            YAZ_BIB1_SYSTEM_ERROR_IN_PRESENTING_RECORDS,
+                            rec_type_str);
+                    else
+                    {
+                        npr = (Z_NamePlusRecord *)
+                            odr_malloc(odr, sizeof(*npr));
+                        npr->databaseName = odr_database;
+                        npr->which = Z_NamePlusRecord_databaseRecord;
+                        npr->u.databaseRecord =
+                            z_ext_record_xml(odr, rec_buf, rec_len);
+                    }
                 }
+                if (xmlrec_buf)
+                    xmlFree(xmlrec_buf);
             }
             else
             {
@@ -897,7 +1528,7 @@ Z_Records *yf::Zoom::Frontend::get_records(Odr_int start,
     }
     return records;
 }
-    
+
 struct cql_node *yf::Zoom::Impl::convert_cql_fields(struct cql_node *cn,
                                                     ODR odr)
 {
@@ -931,6 +1562,91 @@ struct cql_node *yf::Zoom::Impl::convert_cql_fields(struct cql_node *cn,
     return r;
 }
 
+void yf::Zoom::Frontend::log_diagnostic(mp::Package &package,
+                                        int error, const char *addinfo)
+{
+    const char *err_msg = yaz_diag_bib1_str(error);
+    if (addinfo)
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_WARN, "Diagnostic %d %s: %s",
+                    error, err_msg, addinfo);
+    else
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_WARN, "Diagnostic %d %s:",
+                    error, err_msg);
+}
+
+yf::Zoom::BackendPtr yf::Zoom::Frontend::explain_search(mp::Package &package,
+                                                        std::string &database,
+                                                        int *error,
+                                                        char **addinfo,
+                                                        mp::odr &odr,
+                                                        std::string &torus_db,
+                                                        std::string &realm)
+{
+    m_backend.reset();
+
+    BackendPtr b(new Backend);
+
+    b->m_frontend_database = database;
+    b->enable_explain = true;
+   
+    Z_GDU *gdu = package.request().get();
+    Z_APDU *apdu_req = gdu->u.z3950;
+    Z_SearchRequest *sr = apdu_req->u.searchRequest;
+    Z_Query *query = sr->query;
+
+    if (!m_p->explain_xsp)
+    {
+        *error = YAZ_BIB1_UNSPECIFIED_ERROR;
+        *addinfo =
+            odr_strdup(odr, "IR-Explain---1 unsupported. torus explain_xsl not defined");
+        return m_backend;
+    }
+    else if (query->which == Z_Query_type_104 &&
+        query->u.type_104->which == Z_External_CQL)
+    {
+        std::string torus_url = m_p->torus_searchable_url;
+        std::string torus_query(query->u.type_104->u.cql);
+        xmlDoc *doc = mp::get_searchable(package, torus_url, "",
+                                         torus_query,
+                                         realm, m_p->proxy);
+        if (m_p->explain_xsp)
+        {
+            xmlDoc *rec_res =  xsltApplyStylesheet(m_p->explain_xsp, doc, 0);
+
+            xmlFreeDoc(doc);
+            doc = rec_res;
+        }
+        if (!doc)
+        {
+            *error = YAZ_BIB1_UNSPECIFIED_ERROR;
+            *addinfo = odr_strdup(odr, "IR-Explain--1 problem. " 
+                                  "Could not obtain Torus records for Explain");
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            xmlNode *ptr = xmlDocGetRootElement(doc);
+            int hits = 0;
+            
+            xml_node_search(ptr, &hits, 0);
+
+            Z_APDU *apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, 0, 0);
+            apdu_res->u.searchResponse->resultCount = odr_intdup(odr, hits);
+            package.response() = apdu_res;
+            m_backend = b;
+        }
+        if (b->explain_doc)
+            xmlFreeDoc(b->explain_doc);
+        b->explain_doc = doc;
+        return m_backend;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        *error = YAZ_BIB1_QUERY_TYPE_UNSUPP;
+        *addinfo = odr_strdup(odr, "IR-Explain---1 only supports CQL");
+        return m_backend;
+    }
+}
+
 void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_search(mp::Package &package)
 {
     Z_GDU *gdu = package.request().get();
@@ -940,32 +1656,53 @@ void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_search(mp::Package &package)
     Z_SearchRequest *sr = apdu_req->u.searchRequest;
     if (sr->num_databaseNames != 1)
     {
-        apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(
-            apdu_req, YAZ_BIB1_TOO_MANY_DATABASES_SPECIFIED, 0);
+        int error = YAZ_BIB1_TOO_MANY_DATABASES_SPECIFIED;
+        log_diagnostic(package, error, 0);
+        apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, 0);
         package.response() = apdu_res;
         return;
     }
+    int proxy_step = 0;
+
+next_proxy:
 
     int error = 0;
-    char *addinfo_s = 0;
+    char *addinfo = 0;
     std::string db(sr->databaseNames[0]);
-    BackendPtr b = get_backend_from_databases(db, &error, &addinfo_s, odr);
+
+    BackendPtr b = get_backend_from_databases(package, db, &error,
+                                              &addinfo, odr, &proxy_step);
+    if (error && proxy_step)
+    {
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_WARN,
+                    "create backend failed: trying next proxy");
+        goto next_proxy;
+    }
     if (error)
     {
-        apdu_res = 
-            odr.create_searchResponse(
-                apdu_req, error, addinfo_s);
+        log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
+        apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
         package.response() = apdu_res;
         return;
     }
+    if (!b || b->enable_explain)
+        return;
 
-    const char *addinfo_c = 0;
     b->set_option("setname", "default");
 
+    bool enable_pz2_retrieval = false;
+    bool enable_pz2_transform = false;
+    bool assume_marc8_charset = false;
+    prepare_elements(b, sr->preferredRecordSyntax, 0 /*element_set_name */,
+                     enable_pz2_retrieval,
+                     enable_pz2_transform,
+                     assume_marc8_charset);
+
     Odr_int hits = 0;
     Z_Query *query = sr->query;
     WRBUF ccl_wrbuf = 0;
     WRBUF pqf_wrbuf = 0;
+    std::string sortkeys;
 
     if (query->which == Z_Query_type_1 || query->which == Z_Query_type_101)
     {
@@ -987,13 +1724,15 @@ void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_search(mp::Package &package)
         const char *cql = query->u.type_104->u.cql;
         CQL_parser cp = cql_parser_create();
         int r = cql_parser_string(cp, cql);
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "CQL: %s", cql);
         if (r)
         {
             cql_parser_destroy(cp);
+            error = YAZ_BIB1_MALFORMED_QUERY;
+            const char *addinfo = "CQL syntax error";
+            log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
             apdu_res = 
-                odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, 
-                                          YAZ_BIB1_MALFORMED_QUERY,
-                                          "CQL syntax error");
+                odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
             package.response() = apdu_res;
             return;
         }
@@ -1002,40 +1741,94 @@ void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_search(mp::Package &package)
         if (cn_error)
         {
             // hopefully we are getting a ptr to a index+relation+term node
-            addinfo_c = 0;
+            error = YAZ_BIB1_UNSUPP_USE_ATTRIBUTE;
+            addinfo = 0;
             if (cn_error->which == CQL_NODE_ST)
-                addinfo_c = cn_error->u.st.index;
-
-            apdu_res = 
-                odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, 
-                                          YAZ_BIB1_UNSUPP_USE_ATTRIBUTE,
-                                          addinfo_c);
+                addinfo = cn_error->u.st.index;
+            
+            log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
+            apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
             package.response() = apdu_res;
+            cql_parser_destroy(cp);
             return;
         }
         char ccl_buf[1024];
-
         r = cql_to_ccl_buf(cn, ccl_buf, sizeof(ccl_buf));
-        if (r == 0)
+        if (r)
         {
-            ccl_wrbuf = wrbuf_alloc();
-            wrbuf_puts(ccl_wrbuf, ccl_buf);
+            error = YAZ_BIB1_MALFORMED_QUERY;
+            const char *addinfo = "CQL to CCL conversion error";
+
+            log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
+            apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
+            package.response() = apdu_res;
+            cql_parser_destroy(cp);
+            return;
         }
-        cql_parser_destroy(cp);
-        if (r)
+
+        WRBUF sru_sortkeys_wrbuf = wrbuf_alloc();
+        if (cql_sortby_to_sortkeys(cn, wrbuf_vp_puts, sru_sortkeys_wrbuf))
         {
-            apdu_res = 
-                odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, 
-                                          YAZ_BIB1_MALFORMED_QUERY,
-                                          "CQL to CCL conversion error");
+            error = YAZ_BIB1_ILLEGAL_SORT_RELATION;
+            const char *addinfo = "CQL to CCL sortby conversion";
+
+            log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
+            apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
             package.response() = apdu_res;
+            wrbuf_destroy(sru_sortkeys_wrbuf);
+            cql_parser_destroy(cp);
             return;
         }
+        WRBUF sort_spec_wrbuf = wrbuf_alloc();
+        yaz_srw_sortkeys_to_sort_spec(wrbuf_cstr(sru_sortkeys_wrbuf),
+                                      sort_spec_wrbuf);
+        wrbuf_destroy(sru_sortkeys_wrbuf);
+
+        ccl_wrbuf = wrbuf_alloc();
+        wrbuf_puts(ccl_wrbuf, ccl_buf);
+        
+        yaz_tok_cfg_t tc = yaz_tok_cfg_create();
+        yaz_tok_parse_t tp =
+            yaz_tok_parse_buf(tc, wrbuf_cstr(sort_spec_wrbuf));
+        yaz_tok_cfg_destroy(tc);
+        
+        /* go through sortspec and map fields */
+        int token = yaz_tok_move(tp);
+        while (token != YAZ_TOK_EOF)
+        {
+            if (token == YAZ_TOK_STRING)
+            {
+                const char *field = yaz_tok_parse_string(tp);
+                std::map<std::string,std::string>::iterator it;
+                it = b->sptr->sortmap.find(field);
+                if (it != b->sptr->sortmap.end())
+                    sortkeys += it->second;
+                else
+                    sortkeys += field;
+            }
+            sortkeys += " ";
+            token = yaz_tok_move(tp);
+            if (token == YAZ_TOK_STRING)
+            {
+                sortkeys += yaz_tok_parse_string(tp);
+            }
+            if (token != YAZ_TOK_EOF)
+            {
+                sortkeys += " ";
+                token = yaz_tok_move(tp);
+            }
+        }
+        yaz_tok_parse_destroy(tp);
+        wrbuf_destroy(sort_spec_wrbuf);
+
+        cql_parser_destroy(cp);
     }
     else
     {
-        apdu_res = 
-            odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, YAZ_BIB1_QUERY_TYPE_UNSUPP, 0);
+        error = YAZ_BIB1_QUERY_TYPE_UNSUPP;
+        const char *addinfo = 0;
+        log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
+        apdu_res =  odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
         package.response() = apdu_res;
         return;
     }
@@ -1046,37 +1839,46 @@ void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_search(mp::Package &package)
         assert(pqf_wrbuf == 0);
         int cerror, cpos;
         struct ccl_rpn_node *cn;
-        yaz_log(YLOG_LOG, "CCL: %s", wrbuf_cstr(ccl_wrbuf));
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "CCL: %s", wrbuf_cstr(ccl_wrbuf));
         cn = ccl_find_str(b->sptr->ccl_bibset, wrbuf_cstr(ccl_wrbuf),
                           &cerror, &cpos);
         wrbuf_destroy(ccl_wrbuf);
         if (!cn)
         {
             char *addinfo = odr_strdup(odr, ccl_err_msg(cerror));
-            int z3950_diag = YAZ_BIB1_MALFORMED_QUERY;
+            error = YAZ_BIB1_MALFORMED_QUERY;
 
             switch (cerror)
             {
             case CCL_ERR_UNKNOWN_QUAL:
-                z3950_diag = YAZ_BIB1_UNSUPP_USE_ATTRIBUTE;
-                break;
             case CCL_ERR_TRUNC_NOT_LEFT: 
             case CCL_ERR_TRUNC_NOT_RIGHT:
             case CCL_ERR_TRUNC_NOT_BOTH:
-                z3950_diag = YAZ_BIB1_UNSUPP_TRUNCATION_ATTRIBUTE;
+#ifdef CCL_ERR_TRUNC_NOT_EMBED
+            case CCL_ERR_TRUNC_NOT_EMBED:
+#endif
+#ifdef CCL_ERR_TRUNC_NOT_SINGLE
+            case CCL_ERR_TRUNC_NOT_SINGLE:
+#endif
+                error = YAZ_BIB1_UNSUPP_SEARCH;
                 break;
             }
-            apdu_res = 
-                odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, z3950_diag, addinfo);
+            log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
+            apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
             package.response() = apdu_res;
             return;
         }
         pqf_wrbuf = wrbuf_alloc();
         ccl_pquery(pqf_wrbuf, cn);
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "RPN: %s", wrbuf_cstr(pqf_wrbuf));
         ccl_rpn_delete(cn);
     }
     
     assert(pqf_wrbuf);
+
+    ZOOM_query q = ZOOM_query_create();
+    ZOOM_query_sortby2(q, b->sptr->sortStrategy.c_str(), sortkeys.c_str());
+
     if (b->get_option("sru"))
     {
         int status = 0;
@@ -1102,29 +1904,41 @@ void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_search(mp::Package &package)
         }
         if (status == 0)
         {
-            yaz_log(YLOG_LOG, "search CQL: %s", wrbuf_cstr(wrb));
-            b->search_cql(wrbuf_cstr(wrb), &hits, &error, &addinfo_c);
+            ZOOM_query_cql(q, wrbuf_cstr(wrb));
+            package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "CQL: %s", wrbuf_cstr(wrb));
+            b->search(q, &hits, &error, &addinfo, odr);
         }
+        ZOOM_query_destroy(q);
         
         wrbuf_destroy(wrb);
         wrbuf_destroy(pqf_wrbuf);
         if (status)
         {
-            apdu_res = 
-                odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, YAZ_BIB1_MALFORMED_QUERY,
-                                          "can not convert from RPN to CQL/SOLR");
+            error = YAZ_BIB1_MALFORMED_QUERY;
+            const char *addinfo = "can not convert from RPN to CQL/SOLR";
+            log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
+            apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
             package.response() = apdu_res;
             return;
         }
     }
     else
     {
-        yaz_log(YLOG_LOG, "search PQF: %s", wrbuf_cstr(pqf_wrbuf));
-        b->search_pqf(wrbuf_cstr(pqf_wrbuf), &hits, &error, &addinfo_c);
+        ZOOM_query_prefix(q, wrbuf_cstr(pqf_wrbuf));
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_LOG, "search PQF: %s", wrbuf_cstr(pqf_wrbuf));
+        b->search(q, &hits, &error, &addinfo, odr);
+        ZOOM_query_destroy(q);
         wrbuf_destroy(pqf_wrbuf);
     }
-    
-    
+
+    if (error && proxy_step)
+    {
+        // reset below prevent reuse in get_backend_from_databases
+        m_backend.reset();
+        package.log("zoom", YLOG_WARN, "search failed: trying next proxy");
+        goto next_proxy;
+    }
+
     const char *element_set_name = 0;
     Odr_int number_to_present = 0;
     if (!error)
@@ -1132,10 +1946,13 @@ void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_search(mp::Package &package)
     
     Odr_int number_of_records_returned = 0;
     Z_Records *records = get_records(
-        0, number_to_present, &error, &addinfo_c,
+        package,
+        0, number_to_present, &error, &addinfo,
         &number_of_records_returned, odr, b, sr->preferredRecordSyntax,
         element_set_name);
-    apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo_c);
+    if (error)
+        log_diagnostic(package, error, addinfo);
+    apdu_res = odr.create_searchResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
     if (records)
     {
         apdu_res->u.searchResponse->records = records;
@@ -1173,20 +1990,43 @@ void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_present(mp::Package &package)
         element_set_name = comp->u.simple->u.generic;
     Odr_int number_of_records_returned = 0;
     int error = 0;
-    const char *addinfo = 0;
-    Z_Records *records = get_records(
-        *pr->resultSetStartPoint - 1, *pr->numberOfRecordsRequested,
-        &error, &addinfo, &number_of_records_returned, odr, m_backend,
-        pr->preferredRecordSyntax, element_set_name);
+    char *addinfo = 0;
 
-    apdu_res = odr.create_presentResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
-    if (records)
+    if (m_backend->enable_explain)
     {
-        apdu_res->u.presentResponse->records = records;
-        apdu_res->u.presentResponse->numberOfRecordsReturned =
-            odr_intdup(odr, number_of_records_returned);
+        Z_Records *records =
+            get_explain_records(
+                package,
+                *pr->resultSetStartPoint - 1, *pr->numberOfRecordsRequested,
+                &error, &addinfo, &number_of_records_returned, odr, m_backend,
+                pr->preferredRecordSyntax, element_set_name);
+        
+        apdu_res = odr.create_presentResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
+        if (records)
+        {
+            apdu_res->u.presentResponse->records = records;
+            apdu_res->u.presentResponse->numberOfRecordsReturned =
+                odr_intdup(odr, number_of_records_returned);
+        }
+        package.response() = apdu_res;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        Z_Records *records =
+            get_records(package,
+                        *pr->resultSetStartPoint - 1, *pr->numberOfRecordsRequested,
+                        &error, &addinfo, &number_of_records_returned, odr, m_backend,
+                        pr->preferredRecordSyntax, element_set_name);
+        
+        apdu_res = odr.create_presentResponse(apdu_req, error, addinfo);
+        if (records)
+        {
+            apdu_res->u.presentResponse->records = records;
+            apdu_res->u.presentResponse->numberOfRecordsReturned =
+                odr_intdup(odr, number_of_records_returned);
+        }
+        package.response() = apdu_res;
     }
-    package.response() = apdu_res;
 }
 
 void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_package(mp::Package &package)
@@ -1197,6 +2037,9 @@ void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_package(mp::Package &package)
     else if (gdu->which == Z_GDU_Z3950)
     {
         Z_APDU *apdu_req = gdu->u.z3950;
+
+        if (m_backend)
+            wrbuf_rewind(m_backend->m_apdu_wrbuf);
         if (apdu_req->which == Z_APDU_initRequest)
         {
             mp::odr odr;
@@ -1222,6 +2065,11 @@ void yf::Zoom::Frontend::handle_package(mp::Package &package)
                 "zoom filter cannot handle this APDU");
             package.session().close();
         }
+        if (m_backend)
+        {
+            WRBUF w = m_backend->m_apdu_wrbuf;
+            package.log_write(wrbuf_buf(w), wrbuf_len(w));
+        }
     }
     else
     {